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[专栏] 【043】朗文当代4双解中的101个sentence adverbs(句子副词)

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发表于 2017-9-24 23:34 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
2017-01-25

作者:
GoldenDict
注:本文获作者授权,仅供本站使用,转载请联系原作者。

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
昨天贴出后,有无(yi)数(ge)朋友问我,既然文中提到“朗文当代高级英语辞典(英英·英汉双解)(第 4 版)中有 102 处 sentence adverb。”,为什么不把它们也贴出来呢?
其实我也是整理了的,但是昨天推送的消息已经那么长了,再贴就破万字(词)了。不过既然有朋友需要,干脆今天就继续推 sentence adverbs ,趁热打铁,再接再厉。虽然《朗文》中标注为 sentence adverb 的词比《新牛津》少,但是两个红包,一个装 1000 块,另一个 800 块,咱们肯定是。。。两个红包都要收啊。
《朗文当代高级英语辞典》(英英·英汉双解)(第 4 版)中有 102 处 sentence adverb ,其中一处是 sentence adverb 条本身,实际共有 101 个 sentence adverbs(句子副词)。
相比《新牛津》的 153 个,《朗文》中有 63 个是重复的,另有 38 个在《新牛津》中未标注为 sentence adverb,两本词典去重后合计有 191 个。
不同词典,语法标注,有不同的看法、做法。真实语境中, 充当 sentence adverb 的词数量肯定不止 191 个,但是词典里收录且标注的词,那估计是没跑的,是重要的。
重复是记忆之母,爱学习的朋友,来吧。
附: 《朗文》中 38 个“新” sentence adverbs 。
all right, anyhow, anyway, anyways, coincidentally, commericially, consequently, culturally, especially, first, firstly, hence, hereafter, ideally, indeed, lastly, materially, maybe, meanwhile, moreover, nay, nonetheless, originally, otherwise, politically, pray, reputedly, second, secondly, significantly, specifically, still, thus, tragically, ultimately, unaccountably, unbeknown
整体看来,朗文的例句比《新牛津》稍长,毕竟《朗文》是学习型词典,《新牛津》是母语型词典,并不以例句见长。朗文的翻译质量略高。
例句均来自《朗文当代高级英语辞典》(英英·英汉双解)(第 4 版),不是我编的,可以放心阅读、记忆、借鉴、仿写。
我特定对照了第 5 版,假如例句译文有变化,给出第 4 、第 5 两版的译文,可供学习参考,就是这么贴心(此举其实也证明,我发的东西,我自己是看了甚至好几遍的)。从例句译文改进,也可以看出《朗文》编译者的用心,比如
  • coincidentally 一个例句,第 4 版是“盈利”,第 5 版改为“赢利”,我个人觉得“盈利”也对
  • secondly 一个例句,分号改为逗号
更多情况,马上奉上。
► accordingly: Some of the laws were contradictory. Accordingly, measures were taken to clarify them. 有些法律相互矛盾,因此,采取了措施将其阐明。
► actually: I’ve known Barbara for years. Since we were babies, actually. 我认识芭芭拉很多年了,实际上我们从小就认识。
► additionally: A new contract is in place. Additionally, staff will be offered a bonus scheme. 新合同已经准备就绪。 除此之外,还将给员工设立一个奖金计划。
► admittedly: This has led to financial losses, though admittedly on a fairly small scale.
第 4 版:这已造成了经济损失,尽管损失确实比较小。
第 5 版:这已造成了经济损失,尽管这个损失其实还比较小。
► alas: Donald, alas, died last year. 唐纳德去年不幸去世了。
► all right: I’ll leave a key with the neighbours, all right?
第 4 版:我会在邻居家里放一把钥匙,好吗?
第 5 版:我会在邻居家里留一把钥匙,好吗?
► allegedly: a sports car, allegedly stolen in Manchester
第 4 版:据说是在曼彻斯特偷的一辆跑车
第 5 版:据说是在曼彻斯特被偷的一辆跑车
► anyhow: The scandal could damage her reputation but the press reported it anyhow. 这宗丑闻可能损害她的名声,不过报纸还是给登了出来。
► anyway: Catherine wasn’t sure the book was the right one, but she bought it anyway. 凯瑟琳不能确定就是这本书,但她还是买了。
► anyways
► apparently: Apparently the company is losing a lot of money.
第 4 版:据说该公司正在亏损大笔的钱。
第 5 版:据说该公司目前亏损很大。
► arguably: Senna was arguably the greatest racing driver of all time. 可以说,塞纳是有史以来最伟大的赛车手。
► basically: Basically, I’m just lazy. 说穿了,我就是懒。
► briefly: Briefly, I think we should accept their offer.
第 4 版:简而言之,我认为我们应该接受他们的建议。
第 5 版:简言之,我认为我们应该接受他们的建议。
► certainly: I certainly never expected to become a writer. 我当然从未期望自己成为一名作家。
► clearly: Clearly, ignoring him had been a mistake. 忽视他显然是个错误。
► coincidentally: We have become profitable. Not coincidentally, we have only half as many employees as we did in 1988.
第 4 版:我们开始盈利了。 并非巧合的是,我们的员工人数只有 1988 年时的一半。
第 5 版:我们开始赢利了。并非巧合的是,我们的员工人数只有 1988 年时的一半。
► commericially: Commercially, the movie was a flop.
第 4 版:从商业角度来看,这部电影一败涂地。
第 5 版:从商业角度来看,这部电影失败了。
► consequently: Most computer users have never received any formal keyboard training. Consequently, their keyboard skills are inefficient.
第 4 版:大多数的计算机用户都没有经过正规的键盘训练,因此他们的键盘技巧效率不高。
第 5 版:大多数的电脑使用者都没有经过正规的键盘操作训练,因此他们的键盘技巧不够熟练。
► culturally: Historically and culturally, Britain has always been linked to the continent.
第 4 版:从历史和文化上来讲,英国一直和欧洲大陆联系在一起。
第 5 版:英国在历史上和文化上历来都和欧洲大陆休戚相关。
► economically: Economically, capitalism has transformed societies. 从经济上来说,资本主义改变了社会。
► effectively: Effectively, it has become impossible for us to help. 事实上,我们已不可能帮忙了。
► equally: We want the economy to grow, but equally we want low inflation.
第 4 版:我们希望经济发展,但也同样希望保持低水平的通胀率。
第 5 版:我们希望经济发展,但也同样希望保持低通胀率。
► ergo
► especially: I never liked long walks, especially in winter.
第 4 版:我从来都不喜欢长距离散步,尤其是在冬天。
第 5 版:我向来不喜欢长距离散步,尤其在冬天。
► essentially: Essentially, we are talking about the cold war period. 我们基本上是在谈论冷战时期。
► evidently: Evidently, the builders had finished and gone home early.
第 4 版:很明显,建筑工人干完活提早回家了。
第 5 版:很明显,建筑工人干完活后早早回家了。
► finally: And finally, I’d like to thank the crew. 最后,我要感谢全体工作人员。
► first: First, I’d like to thank everyone for coming.
第 4 版:首先,我要感谢各位光临。
第 5 版:首先,我要感谢各位的光临。
► firstly: Firstly, I would like to thank everyone who has contributed to this success. 首先,我要感谢对这次成功作出贡献的每一个人。
► fortunately: Fortunately, everything worked out all right in the end. 幸运的是,最后一切顺利。
► further: Butter sales have fallen because margarine has improved in flavor. Further, butter consumption has decreased because of links to heart disease. 黄油销量下滑是因为人造黄油的味道有了改进。 此外,因为与心脏疾病有关,黄油的消耗量也减少了。
► furthermore: He is old and unpopular. Furthermore, he has at best only two years of political life ahead of him.
第 4 版:他又老又不受欢迎,而且,他最多也就两年的政治生命了。
第 5 版:他年纪已老,又不得人心,而且他最多也只有两年的政治生命了。
► generally: Generally, part-timers work in low-status, low-wage occupations. 从总体上看,兼职人员干的都是地位和工资都很低的工作。
► granted: Granted, the music is not perfect, but the flaws are outweighed by the sheer joy of the piece.
第 4 版:诚然,这音乐算不上完美,然而曲中欢乐无穷,使之瑕不掩瑜。
第 5 版:诚然,这音乐算不上完美,但曲中欢乐无穷,因而瑕不掩瑜。
► happily: Happily, his injuries were not serious. 幸好,他的伤势并不严重。
► hence: The cost of transport is a major expense for an industry. Hence factory location is an important consideration. 运输成本是企业的一大支出,因此工厂选址是重要的考虑因素。
► hereafter: his belief in God and a life hereafter 他对上帝和来世的信仰
► hopefully: Hopefully, I’ll be back home by ten o’clock.
第 4 版:我有望十点前回到家。
第 5 版:我有望 10 点前回到家。
► ideally: Ideally, your car should have high security locks.
第 4 版:最理想的是,你的车装有严密的防护锁。
第 5 版:最理想的情况是,你的车应该配有高度安全的车锁。
► importantly: Most importantly, you must keep a record of everything you do. 最重要的是,你必须把你所做的事一一记录下来。
► incidentally: Incidentally, where were you born? 顺便问一下,你在哪儿出生的?
► incredibly: The knife had pierced his heart, but incredibly he was still alive. 刀插入了他的心脏,但他还活着,真令人难以置信。
► indeed: I didn’t mind at all. Indeed, I was pleased. 我一点也不介意,事实上我非常高兴。
► inevitably: Inevitably, the situation did not please everyone.
第 4 版:这种局势必定不能让所有人都感到满意。
第 5 版:这种状况必定不能让所有人都感到满意。
► interestingly: Interestingly, none of their three children ever married.
第 4 版:有趣的是,他们的三个孩子都没有结婚。
第 5 版:有趣的是,他们的三个孩子都一直没有结婚。
► ironically: Ironically, his cold got better on the last day of his holiday.
第 4 版:具有讽刺意味的是,他的感冒竟在假期的最后一天好些了。
第 5 版:具有讽刺意味的是,他的感冒竟在假期的最后一天有所好转。
► lastly: Lastly, could I ask all of you to keep this information secret. 最后,我请求各位将这一消息保密。
► likewise: The clams were delicious. Likewise, the eggplant was excellent. 蛤蜊味道鲜美,茄子也同样美味。
► luckily: Luckily the museum was not damaged by the earthquake.
第 4 版:幸好,博物馆没有被地震震毁。
第 5 版:幸好,博物馆没有在地震中遭到破坏。
► materially: Materially, we are better off than ever before. 在物质上我们比以前任何时候都更富有。
► maybe: Maybe it’s all just a big misunderstanding. 也许这只是一个很大的误会。
► meanwhile: Cook the sauce over a medium heat until it thickens. Meanwhile start boiling the water for the pasta. 用中火把调味汁煮到变稠,同时烧水准备煮意大利面。
► moreover: The rent is reasonable and, moreover, the location is perfect.
第 4 版:房租合理,而且地段极好。
第 5 版:租金合理,而且位置也非常好。
► naturally: Naturally, you’ll want to discuss this with your wife.
第 4 版:当然,你一定想和你妻子商量一下这件事的。
第 5 版:当然,你一定想和你妻子商量一下这件事。
► nay: a bright – nay, a blinding light 一道明亮,甚至令人目眩的光
► nonetheless: The region was extremely beautiful. Nonetheless Gerard could not imagine spending the rest of his life there. 那个地区非常漂亮,然而杰拉德却无法想象自己要在那里度过余生。
► normally: Normally, I park behind the theatre. 通常我把车停在剧院后面。
► oddly: Oddly enough, someone asked me the same question only yesterday.
第 4 版:真奇怪,就在昨天有人问过我同样的问题。
第 5 版:真奇怪,就在昨天还有人问过我同样的问题。
► officially: Officially, the talks never took place.
第 4 版:根据官方的说法,从未进行过这些会谈。
第 5 版:根据官方的说法,会谈根本没有进行。
► ordinarily: Ordinarily, he didn’t like to go to the movies. 一般来说他不喜欢去看电影。
► originally: Originally, we had planned a tour of Scotland but we didn’t go in the end.
第 4 版:起先我们是计划到苏格兰旅游的,但后来没有成行。
第 5 版:起先我们计划到苏格兰旅游,但最后没有成行。
► otherwise: You’ll have to go now, otherwise you’ll miss your bus.
第 4 版:你现在得走了,要不然就赶不上公共汽车了。
第 5 版:你现在就得走,要不然就赶不上公共汽车了。
► overall: Overall, prices are still rising. 总的来说,价格仍在上涨。
► personally: Personally, I don’t think much of the idea. 就我个人而言,我认为这个主意不怎么样。
► plainly: Plainly the laws are not effective.
第 4 版:显然那些法规没有效果。
第 5 版:显然那些法规没有效力。
► politically: Politically, raising the minimum wage is good for the Democrats. 从政治上来说,提高最低工资对民主党有好处。
► pray: Pray be seated. 请坐。
► predictably: Predictably, no one was home when I called.
第 4 版:正如所料,我往家里打电话时果然没人在家。
第 5 版:正如所料,我打电话去,果然没人在家。
► presumably: He’s dead now, presumably? 也许他已经死了呢?
► privately: Privately, Harriet had to agree. 哈丽雅特私下里不得不同意。
► probably: ‘Are you going to be able to do this?’ ‘Yes, probably.’
第 4 版:“你能干这件事吗?”“是的,应该能的。”
第 5 版:“你能干这件事吗?”“是的,应该能行。”
► realistically: Realistically, we’re not going to get this finished this week. 说实在的,这个星期我们完成不了这事。
► regretfully: Regretfully, we do not have time to continue this discussion now. 很抱歉,我们现在没有时间继续这一讨论。
► regrettably: Regrettably, he will not be able to come.
第 4 版:遗憾的是,他将不能来。
第 5 版:遗憾的是他到时候来不了。
► remarkably: Remarkably, all of the passengers survived the crash.
第 4 版:奇怪的是,这次事故中所有乘客都幸免于难。
第 5 版:令人称奇的是,这次事故中所有乘客都幸免于难。
► reportedly: Her husband’s assets are reportedly worth over $15 million. 她丈夫的资产据传超过 1,500 万美元。
► reputedly: The committee had reputedly spent over $3000 on ‘business entertainment’. 据说委员会在“业务接待”上花了三千多美元。
► sadly: Sadly, the business failed.
第 4 版:很遗憾,这个企业经营失败了。
第 5 版:很遗憾,这家企业经营失败了。
► second
► secondly: Firstly, they are not efficient, and secondly, they are expensive to make.
第 4 版:首先,它们效率不高; 其次,它们的制作成本很高。
第 5 版:首先,它们效率不高,其次,它们的制作成本很高。
► seemingly: There is seemingly nothing we can do to stop the plans going ahead. 看样子我们无法阻止这些计划的实施。
► seriously: Seriously though , I think Toby likes you. 不过说正经的,我觉得托比喜欢你。
► significantly: The Democrats, significantly, finished well behind the Green Party. 值得注意的是,民主党的得票数远远落后于绿党。
► similarly: The cost of food and clothing has come down in recent years. Similarly, fuel prices have fallen quite considerably. 吃穿的费用近年来下降了。 同样地,燃料价格也有大幅回落。
► specifically: Specifically, the department wanted answers to the following questions.
第 4 版:具体来说,系里希望以下问题得到解决。
第 5 版:具体来说,部门里希望以下问题得到解决。
► still: The hotel was terrible. Still, we were lucky with the weather.
第 4 版:旅店很糟糕,然而我们有幸遇上了好天气。
第 5 版:酒店很糟糕,然而我们有幸遇上了好天气。
► suddenly: Suddenly the eagle opened its wings.
第 4 版:鹰突然展开翅膀。
第 5 版:突然,鹰展开翅膀。
► supposedly: How could a supposedly intelligent person be so stupid?
第 4 版:一个据说十分聪明的人怎么会这么愚蠢?
第 5 版:一个所谓的聪明人怎么会这么愚蠢?
► surely: You must have heard about the riots, surely? 想必你已经听说骚乱的事了吧?
► technically: Technically, the two countries are still at war, as a peace treaty was never signed.
第 4 版:严格说来,两国仍然处于交战状态,因为和平协议一直未签。
第 5 版:严格说来,两国仍然处于交战状态,因为和平协议一直未签订。
► thankfully: Thankfully, I managed to pay off all my debts before we got married. 幸好,在我们结婚前我设法还清了所有债务。
► theoretically: Theoretically, Damian’s the boss, but I coordinate the team on a day-to-day basis.
第 4 版:按理说达米安是老板,但全组日常的协调工作是由我来做的。
第 5 版:按理说达米安是老板,但全队日常的协调工作是由我来做的。
► thus: Most of the evidence was destroyed in the fire. Thus it would be almost impossible to prove him guilty. 大多数证据已在火中烧毁,因而要证明他有罪几乎是不可能的。
► tragically: Tragically her dancing career ended only six months later. 很不幸的是,她的舞蹈生涯仅六个月后就结束了。
► ultimately: Ultimately, the decision rests with the child’s parents. 最终,决定权是在这孩子的父母身上。
► unaccountably: Unaccountably, the woman had refused. 不知为什么,那个女子拒绝了。
► unbeknown: Unbeknown to him, his wife had been trying to phone him all morning.
第 4 版:他不知道的是,妻子一上午都在想方设法打电话给他。
第 5 版:他哪里知道,妻子一上午都在给他打电话。
► unfortunately: Unfortunately, you were out when we called. 很遗憾,我们来的时候你出去了。
► unhappily: Unhappily, she was not able to complete the course.
第 4 版:不幸的是,她未能完成这门课程。
第 5 版:可惜的是,她未能完成这门课程。
► worse: The business could become less profitable or, even worse , could close down.
第 4 版:该公司可能会盈利减少,更糟的是,可能倒闭。
第 5 版:公司可能会出现盈利减少,甚至有可能倒闭。
特别地,《朗文》没有给 besides 标注 sentence adverb ,但是在该词条下,特别注明了一条 REGISTER(语体)信息。
In written English, people do not usually use besides as a sentence adverb. They start a sentence with the more formal moreover instead 在书面英语中,人们一般不用 besides 作句子副词,而是用较为正式的moreover来引导句子
» Moreover , smoking is linked with heart disease and strokes. 此外,吸烟还与心脏病和中风有关联。
顺便再吐槽下某道词典,收录的朗文,完全是砸朗文招牌。连 probably 都查不到,worse 条少了 sentence adverb 标注,要不是因为它有 PC 版,方便复制、粘贴,我才不会卸了又装,装了又卸。
朗文词典本身是非常好的词典,上面 99 个例句,可以说是随机选的(虽然它们有个共同点是都含 sentence adverb ),其中 43 个例句第 5 版双解译文都有改进,编辑也太拼了,不多用、用好这词典,真是说不过去啊。
-EOF-

               


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